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Jargon Buster
Technology - Electrics
100hz
A 100Hz television scans the picture across the screen twice as fast as a
conventional 50Hz set, producing a clearer, flicker free picture. This reduces
eye strain, which can be caused by watching a conventional 50Hz set for extended
periods .
100Hz DFS Active Mode
Enhanced picture scan system which minimises large area flicker and reduces
line jitter during action scenes
100Hz Dynamic Frame Scan
An enhanced picture scan system which minimises large area flicker and
additionally reduces line jitter. This makes the whole picture more stable
with smoother motion and generally greater clarity
16:9 Format
Provides a picture close to that of which you would see in the cinema. The
Widescreen shape (16:9) allows a greater picture size to that of traditional
(4:3) television when displaying modern films or DVD`s.
2 Way Speakers
2 individual speaker drivers, one for bass and one for treble. This improves
overall sound quality.
24 bit/96Khz audio sampling
Digital stereo format used by DVD players to reproduce stereo sound.
3 Way Speakers
3 individual speaker drivers, one for bass, one for mid-range and one for
treble. This provides a superior sound quality.
3D DNR (Digital Noise Reduction)
Ensures superior picture quality by "cleaning" images and reducing picture
"noise". Particularly useful for older movies where the source master has
picture noise
3D PHONIC
Is an alternative to Pro-Logic surround sound, where the surround sound is
simulated without rear speakers. It's not as effective as Pro-logic with
external rear speakers but is ideal for those who wish to dispense with extra
speakers and wires.
3D Spatialiser
A variable phase delay creates an enhanced three dimensional audio image
which adds depth and richness to a stereo soundtrack
4 Head
Refers to the number of playback heads on a VCR. A 4 head system provides
increased picture quality to that of standard 2 head models, particularly
during long play, slow motion, pause and frame advance modes
4 Heads (video recorders)
A four head video gives perfect freeze frame and long play playback.
4:3 Format
Traditional television picture format found predominately on smaller compact
televisions. Larger Televisions are now adopting the Widescreen picture format
(16:9).
6.1 Channel Input
Applies to amplifiers, receivers, Hifi`s and Surround Sound processors. Allows
the connection of a Dolby Digital/DTS source such as a suitably equipped
DVD player which handles the processing of the Dolby Digital / DTS signal
itself.
8mm
Format for analogue camcorders which use an 8mm cassette. A higher quality
version available is the Hi-8.
A
A/D converter
Converts an analogue signal into a digital signal.
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is at the core of the MPEG-4 specifications and
is the new audio codec of choice for Internet, wireless, and digital broadcast
arenas. AAC provides I higher standard of audio quality than the older MP3
format.
Advanced Auto Set-up
Automatically tunes in all the channels in the correct order for both the
TV and the VCR on combi sets
Advanced One-touch Record
A button on the video recorder that tells it to start recording immediately
and sets the recording time in half-hourly increments
AGARAS
Anti-Glare Anti-Reflection Anti-Static. A coating which actively suppresses
reflected light
AMDC
Advanced Monitor Deflection Control. Circuit that allows fast, stable switching
between the various resolutions and timing modes of a monitor without disturbing
transient distortion effects.
Analogue Broadcast
Information (image, voice, text) transmission using continuous waveforms,
for instance in current (non-digital) TV broadcasts
ANSI
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) Lumens - Standard for measuring
light output or brightness
Aperture
Adjustable opening in the lens of a camcorder used to regulate how much light
reaches the CCD image sensor.
APS
APS is a recent development and offers more variety in the type of shots
you can take. APS cameras are usually smaller than their 35mm counterparts
and are much easier to load film into.
Aspect Ratio
Screen shapes are defined by the relationship between width and height of
a TV screen. A conventional TV set is 4:3 (four units wide by three units
high), a Widescreen set is 16:9 (16 units wide by nine units high)
Audio Dubbing
For adding soundtracks such as narration or music to previously recorded
material on stereo video tape. Useful when editing camcorder material
Auto Clock Checking
Automatically sets the date and time on video recorders and checks it daily
at 8am. Also automatically corrects for British Summer Time or after a power
cut
Auto Creasecare
Ironing becomes that much easier with Auto Creasecare. It prevents excess
creasing on any wash programme by gradually reducing the water temperature
towards the end of the cycle
Auto Focus
Adjusts the focus of the image automatically to bring the centre of interest
into sharp focus
Auto Half Load
Auto Half Load automatically adjusts the water levels for any size of load
to help save you time and money when washing smaller loads
Auto Head Cleaner
Cleans the head cylinder automatically every time a tape is loaded or unloaded
or when 'stop' is pressed
Auto Picture Size Adjustment
Automatically adjusts the format of the viewed picture, whether originally
a Widescreen or conventional image, to suit the TV screen
Auto Power Off
Automatically switches the power off after a set length of time without use
Auto Set-up
Automatically tunes in all channels in the correct order on TVs and video
recorders (BBC1 on Channel 1 etc) and on a VCR suggests solutions to common
problems, such as 'Check aerial connected'
Auto Tuning
Automatically tunes in the channels that the aerial can receive. Advanced
auto tuning system will sort the channels into an order (i.e. BBC1, BBC2
etc.). When applied to Hifi`s an Auto Tuning system does the same for radio
stations.
Auto-Seeking RF Output
Automatically finds a free channel for the RF signal that has no interference,
ensuring the best available reception (i.e. Channel 5 interference)
Automatic Flash
Camera senses when additional light is required and fires the built-in flash
automatically
Automatic Focus
Applies to Camcorders and cameras. Simply means that the lens is focussed
automatically on the subject. More advanced select several different areas
of the picture to set the focus.
AV Socket
Ideal for connecting either a games console or camcorder, directly to your
TV set
AVL
Automatic Volume Leveller. Minimises sudden changes in TV volume when commercials
are transmitted
B
Backward Compatibility
A DVD player will also play audio CD.
Bass Boost
Adds extra depth to music for a fuller sound
BBE
An audio system, which compensates for the loss of fidelity or subtle distortions
caused by the characteristics of the loudspeaker. The system compensates
for phase and amplitude distortions and reproduces the original (live)
performance more faithfully.
Bit
The smallest segment of a digital code
Bit rate
Speed at which data is read and processed from the source disc
Black Stripe Screen
Improves contrast on rear projection sets by reducing reflection by 50%
Bluetooth
Bluetooth technology is used to connect two electronic devices, without the
need for cables. This can be achieved up to 10 metres apart without the need
for those devices to be in line of sight, as they would have to be with
infra-red.
Boot-up Speed
Time taken (in seconds) for the camera to be ready for use once switched
on
Brightness
Level of luminance, or quantity of light emitted from the image area, measured
in ANSI lumens
Burst Mode
Allows a rapid succession of shots by holding down the shutter release, ideal
for shooting subjects in motion. Images are usually at lower resolution than
a single shot
C
CCD
A small light-sensitive chip, made up of millions of sensors, which converts
an image into digital form rather than focusing the image on to film .The
sensors are known as pixels and the more pixels on the sensor, the better
the final image.
CDR/RW Playback
A CD or DVD Player that can play back audio compact discs recorded on a CDR
or CDRW recorder.
Circotherm
(NEFF Products) Ducted forced air system achieves lower cooking temperatures
50-190 C
Climate Class
Range of ambient temperatures in which the appliances are intended to be
used, and for which the required storage temperatures shall be fulfilled.
SN 10 - 32ºC N 16 - 32ºC ST 18 - 38ºC
Co-axial Audio Terminal
Enables digital audio connection between a DVD player and decoder or digital
play-back equipment such as Toshiba's Dolby Digital TVs
Colour Detail Enhancer
Corrects any colour detail lost in the transmission path
Common Interface
Allows connection of additional equipment for upgrades and servicing
CompactFlash
One of the several card storage systems that uses a plug-in cartridge in
order to save pictures from the camera's memory to a portable storage device.
Component Video
The purest form of video signal as used in professional display devices.
Component Video Input
Typically found on professional broadcasting equipment, now available on
TVs and DVD players. This type of connection has the same quality as RGB
but additionally allows the brightness and contrast of the picture to be
adjusted to suit room conditions
Composite Video
Standard video signal used to send pictures down a cable e.g. from a TV to
a VCR or camcorder to a TV.
Compressed Resolution
Most projectors automatically accept images that are of greater resolution
than the native (true) resolution of the projector. Images are scaled to
fit the native resolution of the projector, which may result in some loss
of image quality
Conditional Access Interface
Allows TV to be upgraded to receive Pay TV terrestrial channels (smart card
required)
Copy Protection System
Protects software or movies subject to copyright from illegal duplication
CredaClean Liners
Oven liners effectively clean themselves during the cooking process, virtually
eliminating oven cleaning.
CRT
Acronym for a Cathode Ray Tube, the heart of a TV, consisting of a phosphor
panel and electron gun
Cylinder
Cylinder cleaners consist of a compact unit on wheels with a suction hose
attached.
D
D/A Converter
Converts the digital signal into analogue signal
DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting)
DAB Radio receives broadcasts transmitted in a digital signal. Digital broadcasts
improve your listening experience, by removing background noise which occur
on traditional analogue radio broadcasts. Many national and local radio stations
now transmit their programmes using this method.
Dark Tint
Treatment of the front panel of the CRT to absorb ambient light, enhance
black reproduction and provide increased contrast
DBB
Dynamic Bass Boost. A system for bass enhancement in portable audio players
DECT
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephone. Cordless telephone that provides near
crystal clear audio quality sound.
Digital 8
Digital high-resolution camcorder format found predominantly on Sony camcorders.
It is backwards compatible with 8mm and Hi8 formats.
Digital Auto Tracking
Automatically checks the tracking when a video tape starts playing and adjusts
if necessary
Digital Broadcast
Data transmission using continuous stream of binary codes (0s and 1s). More
compact than the older analogue system so far more information (e.g. TV channels)
may be transmitted within the same bandwidth
Digital Comb Filter
Clear separation of the combined colour and black and white signals, preventing
smudging, vibrating edges and ensuring precise details
Digital Effects
A range of screen effects built in to the camcorder that allow various mixes,
wipes, image stabilizing and digital zooms. (see Camcorder specification
for precise effects available).
Digital Light Processing (DLP)
A new technology for presenting video and computer pictures using a Digital
Micromirror Device (DMD)
Digital Picture Processing
Digital processes which improve TV picture quality, brightness and colour
Digital Ready
Technology which enables all Toshiba TVs to receive digital terrestrial or
satellite broadcasts when connected to an appropriate digital decoder box
Digital Surround Processing (DSP)
TV sound system which artificially creates surround sound effects on normal
stereo or mono programmes or videos
Digital Theatre System
Alternative system of encoding six channel digital surround sound, used in
some cinemas and on some DVD discs
Digital Zoom
As opposed to optical zoom, digital zoom electronically magnifies the image.
This allows for greater magnification than optical zoom - unfortunately this
can lead to degradation of the picture quality depending on the zoom used.
Display Dimmer
Dims or turns off the front panel display
DNR (Digital Noise Reduction)
A feature built into many TVs and other visual equipment designed to reduce
picture grain.
Dolby 3 Stereo
Uses front left, centre and right speakers of a home cinema TV to create
an enhanced sound stage without using rear speakers
Dolby Digital
Is a six channel home cinema system. It consists of a front channel for on-screen
dialogue, Left & right front stereo channels, Left & right rear surround
effect channels and a subwoofer channel for dedicated Bass effects.
Dolby HX Pro
Dolby HX Pro makes it possible to record loud musical passages with fewer
high-frequency losses and less distortion.
Dolby Pro Logic
Home Cinema surround sound format that consists of a front or centre channel
for on-screen dialogue, front left and right channels and a rear surround
channel to carry the rear surround effects.
Dolby Pro Logic II
An enhanced version of Dolby Pro Logic, uses sophisticated processing to
produce a sound more like Dolby Digital.
DTS
Digital Theatre System. An alternative to Dolby Digital, DTS encodes six-channel
digital surround sound and is used in some cinemas and on some DVD's.
Dual Grill (Microwaves)
Microwave ovens powerful grilling both from the top and bottom of
the microwave.
DV Out
Enables the camcorder to download still images to a home computer. Moving
images can be downloaded with the appropriate software and hardware.
DVD
Digital Versatile Disc. A digital format that provides superior picture and
sound quality to that of Video Cassette.
DVD Audio
New audio format, which provides high-quality sound reproduction, outdoing
conventional CD in terms of both range and 'emotional' depth .
DVI (Digital Video Interface)
A video connection that provides digital images between components.
Dynamic Quadra Focus
Technology on projection TVs which ensures clarity to the very edges of the
screen
Dynamic Range
The distance between the quietest and loudest audible sounds.
Dynamic Upgrade System
Easy upgrade of the operating system (firmware) with a special system disc
which is simply 'played' in the normal way
E
E.A.S.S
Electronic Anti-Shock System is designed to prevent skipping, by expanding
the memory capacity.
Eco Mode
Turns off clock display when video recorder is on standby mode to reduce
power consumption
Electronic Programme Guide (EPG)
Simple but comprehensive on-screen menu offering previews of what is on now
and next, reminders, and the ability to control certain VCRs
Energy Rating
The energy rating offers consumers a standardised method of choosing the
most efficient appliances which also give good performance. The scale is
from A - G. (A) represents a very high efficiency and (G) represents a less
efficient performance.
Enhanced Audio Mode (EAM)
Allows different audio channels on DVD to be enhanced separately, i.e. dialogue
or surround sound
Enhanced Intelligent Care
(Hotpoint Washers) As well as making constant checks on the machine's performance
it prevents you from selecting too high a temperature or too high a spin
for the programme you have selected.
Enhanced Video Amplifier
Ensures superior picture quality by making whites even whiter
EPG
Electronic Programme Guide- On-screen programme guide offering programme
listing and information source. Also provides guide to interactive services
F
Face Flat
Horizontally and vertically flat tube technology which offers a wider viewing
angle and reduced reflection
Fastext
An enhanced version of Teletext, which enables quick access to key TV text
pages using the red, green, yellow and blue buttons on the remote control
Firmware
Operating system and software used on a portable device, such as an MP3 player.
Some MP3 players provide firmware which is upgradeable.
Flatscreen
Flatscreen improves picure definition and minimises screen reflection. Also,
flatscreens reduce picture distortion when viewed from an angle, unlike the
more traditional curved screen television.
Focal Length
Distance from the surface of a lens to its focal point
Freeview
Free digital service providing up to 30 free digital TV and radio channels
plus interactive services, via terrestrial aerial.
Frequency Response
Speakers & Headphones : - The wider the range of the frequency response
the better the range of sound from low bass (20Hz) upwards to High treble
(20KHz). The human ear can generally perceive between the range of 20Hz-15KHz.
Frost Free
Non frost-free refrigeration usually requires manually defrosting after a
certain amount of time. A Frost-Free product does not involve this often
inconvenient task.
FTS
Favourite Track Selection. Allows you to programme a series of random tracks
from a number of CDs into the permanent memory of a CD or CD-i player
Fuzzy logic
Continually monitors conditions inside the washing machine, and adjusts itself
to ensure the best wash results. A typical fuzzy logic machine will control
the main wash, the water intake, water temperature, wash time, rinse performance
and spin speed.
G
GIF
A graphics format, with built-in compression, for displaying pictures on
a computer screen
Graphic Equaliser
An electronic device for adjusting the frequency response of an audio system,
selectively altering the level of sound allowed in discreet frequency bands
from bass to treble. Often accompanied by a dynamic LED display.
H
HDCD
(High Definition Compatible Digital) Improves CD audio of compatible CDs
by introducing increased dynamic range giving a more accurate rendition of
the original soundtrack
HDTV (High Definition Television)
High Definition Television displays a picture with a much higher resolution
than a standard television set, dramatically improving the picture quality.
This is achieved by an increased number of lines, of which the displayed
picture is made up of . HDTV also gives greater sound clarity than standard
televison.The formats used in HDTV are:
720p - 1280x720 pixels progressive
1080i - 1920x1080 pixels interlaced
1080p - 1920x1080 pixels progressive
"Interlaced" or "progressive" refers to the scanning system. In the larger
HDTV sets, interlaced can produce some flickering. Progressive scan will
provide a much clearer picture on the larger TV sets.
Please note, an HDTV transmission is required for the television set to show
programmes with the improved picture and sound quality.
Hi-brite Screen
Technology that ensures excellent contrast and uniform brightness on rear
projection TV screens
Hi8
Higher resolution version of the 8mm camcorder format which provides a
high-quality image with up to 400 lines of horizontal picture resolution.
Hyper Anti-Alias Filter
Ensures crystal clear picture quality by generating 540 horizontal line
resolution at 54MHz
I
Icon On-screen Display (OSD)
On-screen menus illustrated by icons, to enable simple operation of equipment
and guide you through various setting and programming functions
IDTV
Television has a built-in ITV Digital decoder allowing the Television set
to receive terrestrial digital channels without a set-top box. Picture and
sound quality tends to be superior to that of Analogue due to a more robust
signal.
IEEE1394
Also known as firewire or i-link. This is a high speed data link for computers
to communicate with devices such as Digital Video Cameras. It supports data
transfer rates of up to 400 Mbps.
Image Expert Software
Software package supplied with the camera to allow capture and editing of
images on PC or Mac
Image Resize
Allows instant switch between aspect ratios, to suit image source format,
e.g. Widescreen or 4:3
Image Size
Dependent on how far the projector is from a screen. Size can be measured
diagonally or horizontally across the image
Image Stabiliser
A device for steadying the picture and reducing camera shake when using a
camcorder. There are two types ; electronic and optical image stabilisations
- optical tends to be the better system, but being mechanically based, is
more expensive.
Index Search
Makes it easy to find the beginning of any item recorded on a video tape
Infobubble display
(Hotpoint products) Multi coloured Infobubble display offers visual program
progress and fault diagnosis, so it's easy to see what's happening at any
stage of the wash.
Intelligent Digital Servo
Intelligent Digital servo system reduces errors caused by dust etc. This
system uses a microcomputer to monitor the signal, adjusting pickup tracking
and focus, as well as spindle motor speed, to compensate for any problems.
Intelligent Long Play
Automatically switches to long play if there isn't enough tape left to complete
the recording in standard play mode
Invar Mask
Displays purer whites on the TV screen
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network, a way of shifting digital information
over existing telephone networks.
ISO Override
Allows you to capture a varied style of digital images, from fast action
to low light.
J
Jog and Shuttle
Used on VCR`s and occasionally DVD`s. The jog dial gives frame-by-frame advance
while the shuttle allows variable speed picture search in both Fast Forward
and Rewind modes.
JPEG
A format used when storing digital images. Allows large files to be stored,
whilst saving memory space.
K
Keystone Correction
Adjusts the length of the top and bottom of the image, to counter distortion
caused when the projected image is not perpendicular to the screen
L
LANC edit
System for editing from camcorders. Uses a 2.5mm jack plug connection between
camcorder and VCR
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
Panel for presenting digital images
LFE (Low Frequency Effects)
Used in Dolby Digital and Dolby DTS 5.1. soundtracks. LFE is specifically
designed to process low frequency sounds through a dedicated bass channel.
Long play
A system that allows a video recorder to extend the length of the recording/
playing time beyond that of standard playing time of the tape cassette. It
can effectively Double the recording length of blank tapes with minor loss
of picture quality
Luminous Remote
Luminous buttons on a remote control for easy operation in a darkened room
M
Macro Mode
Allows camera to focus on subject very close to the camera's lens, usually
within 30cm
Manual Focus
This is often provided on cameras and camcorders to allow the user to override
the camera's auto focus system.
Manual zoom
Lens can be adjusted by hand to alter the size of the image on screen without
having to move the projector
MDLP
Mini Disc Long Play - similar to long play on video recorders this allows
double the recording/playback time for Compatible minidisc players
Media Window
Divides the screen into two with text in one half and the current programme
in the other
Mega Resolution Parallel DAC
Achieves an unprecedented dynamic range above 120dB
Megapixel
Megapixels are used to measure camera resolution. More megapixels will mean
better picture quality. Each megapixel qoted is equal to one million pixels.
Megatext
Near instant access to up to 500 pages of text stored in the TV's memory
Memory Stick
Sony's storage systems that uses a plug-in cartridge in order to save data
to a portable storage device.
Microfilter
Process which dramatically increases contrast, brightness and colour reproduction
Modem
Modulator/demodulator. Electronic device for sending digital information
over audio or telecommunications networks, such as connection to the internet
Shorthand for MPEG Audio Layer 3, a set of standards for storing and compressing
digital audio files. Essentially MP3 takes a CD file, and compresses the
sound to a much smaller file by removing the bits that the human ear cannot
actually detect.
MPEG
MPEG was defined by the Moving Picture Experts Group, who designed the Emmy
award winning standards known as MPEG-1 and MPEG-2. MPEG-4 is the
next-generation, global multimedia standard, delivering professional-quality
audio and video streams over a wide range of bandwidths, from cell phone
to broadband and beyond.
MPEG2 5.1 Surround
Alternative digital audio system to Dolby Digital available on some DVD discs,
delivering six independent channels of sound: stereo front left and right,
centre dialogue and stereo rear channels, plus dedicated sub woofer
Multi-brand Remote Control
Operates most makes of TV in addition to the VCR
Multi-standard tuner
Able to display images from all world broadcast standards (PAL, SECAM, NTSC)
Multi-standard video playback
Able to display images from PAL, SECAM, NTSC video players
Multiple Camera Angles
Scenes shot from up to nine different camera angles at the director's discretion
may be stored and viewed on DVD (software dependent)
Multiple Language Tracks
Up to eight different language soundtracks may be recorded on a single disc
and up to 32 different language subtitles (software dependent). Nearly all
DVD's carry English subtitles
N
Neo Multi-bit Delta Sigma D/A Converter
Achieves a combined total harmonic distortion and noise of less than 0.0008%,
and a dynamic range of above 117dB with 24-bit audio sources
NextView
NextView is an extremely comprehensive Electronic Programme Guide (EPG) which
gives viewers a complete overview of available TV programmes in a simple,
easy-to-follow way.
NextView Link
Sets the channels on the VCR in the same order as the TV, allowing you to
record what you are watching without having to change channels on the VCR
NICAM
NICAM is the acronym for Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplex. It
refers to a Sound broadcasting system capable of delivering CD-quality digital
stereo sound or mono sound, and of carrying a Dolby Surround soundtrack
No Signal Power Off
Turns the TV to standby after a station stops broadcasting
NTSC
American and Japanese Television picture format. Any TV with this capability
can receive NTSC signals from VCR or DVD. Video Recorders with this function
allow playback of NTSC video tapes.
NTSC Playback on PAL TV
Technology built into a Toshiba video recorder that enables NTSC tapes to
be viewed on most PAL TVs
NTSC Video Playback
Technology built into a TV which enables NTSC tapes to be viewed when played
back on an NTSC video recorder
O
Off Timer
Enables the TV to switch to standby mode at a pre-determined time
On-screen Programming
Manual programming feature used when setting the timer if you don't have
VideoPlus codes to hand
One-touch Record
Starts recording immediately at the touch of a button
Optical Audio Terminal
Enables digital audio signals to be sent from digital sources such as DVD
and laser disc players to digital play-back equipment such as Dolby Digital
TVs, via a fibre-optic connection
Optical Digital Out
This allows a very high connection to another digital device such as a
CD/Minidisc recorder or Digital-capable amplifier.
Optical Zoom
Enlarges an image by moving two lenses. Creating a closer image without loss
of quality, which occurs when electronically magnifying the image (Digital
Zoom). Most cameras/ camcorders have an Optical Zoom, which can be further
enlarged by a Digital Zoom.
OSD
On Screen Display - graphic displays which appear on the TV screen to guide
through the various settings and controls.
P
PAL
TV broadcast system used in the UK and some other countries
PAL I
TV broadcast system used in the UK and some other countries
Panel Lock
Locks the controls on the TV to prevent changes to settings
Parental Lock
Allows parents to "lock" out certain content so that children cannot see
unsuitable channels - commonly using a PIN number system for access to locked
channels.
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
This is the uncompressed music format used by a CD player. This format provides
a far greater sound quality than any compressed music file, such as MP3
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
Used to describe any small personal electronic organiser, such as a palmtop.
PDC
PDC (Programme Delivery Control) is a method of controlling video cassette
recorders so that rescheduled or delayed programmes are recorded in their
entirety. PDC, also known as StarText and VPS, is a European TV standard.
Peak Power Output
The maximum power output of a Hifi system/amplifier can achieve, lasting
only for a short period of time (i.e. a peak) - see also RMS and Watts per
channel.
Picture and Text
Allows you to view your TV programme on one half of the screen, while on
the other half, you can display teletext pages.
Picture in Picture
A facility on some TV sets to view other stations, in a smaller box in the
corner of the screen, whilst still being able to watch your originally chosen
channel in full size.
Picture Size Adjustment
Adjusts the format of the picture to suit the TV Screen
PIN
Personal Identification Number - A code or password that allows the user
to lock or restrict access to certain programmes or applications
Pixel Plus
Designed by Philips, the Pixel Plus processor increases the number of lines,
and the number of pixels in the TV picture. This results in clearer and sharper
pictures, every time.
Pixel Plus II
The latest version of Philips Pixel Plus system. This further enhances a
TV's picture quality, improving both still and moving images. This also boasts
improved colour reproduction, resulting in the finest colour details and
superior picture balance.
Pixels
Individual dots used to create an image. The greater the number of pixels
in an image, the higher the resolution and better the quality
Plasma
Technology that uses electrical impulses that react with gases contained
to produce pixels. Plasma televisions are increasing in demand due to their
light weight and positioning flexibility as opposed to traditional CRT television
sets.
Plug and Play
Refers to items which are easy to install, and have no complicated set up
requirements.
Powerstream (tm)
Provides increased agitation mid wash, driving the water and powder through
the load for brilliant results. This is a trademark for Hotpoint products
Preamp out
A line level (standard) output that can be fed into a separate amplifier.
Processor
The processor or CPU is the heart of a computing device. It performs all
the calculations and operations on data. Processors are commonly rated in
MHz or GHz, a measurement which refers to their speed - the higher the MHz/GHz
the faster the speed.
Programme Delivery Control (PDC)
Responds to a broadcast signal which ensures that recording begins only when
the programme actually starts and stops when the programme ends. Not available
on satellite or digital broadcasts
Progressive Scan
Scans individual picture lines in sequence rather than alternately, maximising
the clarity of digital images from DVD and enhancing NTSC software playback
Projection Distance
Distance from the projector to the screen
R
R600a
R600a is a HFC and CFC free refrigerant, providing the most environmentally
friendly refrigerant available. It is extremely energy efficient.
RAM
Random Access Memory - this is the working memory used by a computer to process
data.
Random/Repeat Play
Applies to CD Players. The disc can be set to play tracks in a random order
or to repeat either one track or all tracks.
RDS
Radio Data System. Enables digital display of Radio network information on
FM stations including radio station titles. Also allows user to program unit
to interrupt with news and traffic bulletins.
Re-set Speed
Minimum time taken (in seconds) for the camera to process and store a captured
image, then re-set for the next shot
Rear Projection
TV technology for super screen TVs in which the red, green and blue of TV
images are projected onto a mirror which reflects the picture onto the rear
of the viewing screen
Rear Speakers
Dedicated speakers set behind the viewer to carry the surround sound channel
(s) from a Dolby Pro-Logic or Dolby Digital source
Red-eye Reduction
The camera shoots a small burst of light prior to the main flash which helps
to contract the pupils and reduce the appearance of red pupils when using
a flash
Regional Code
Playback management system making discs specific to a particular region.
The UK is within region code 2, so only region 2 or region free discs will
play on UK DVD players. If you wish to play DVD's produced for other locations
such as USA or Japan, You will need a 'Multiregion' DVD player, or a DVD
player which is designed to play DVD's for that specific region.
Resolution
Display quality defined by the number of individual dots (pixels) used to
create an image. The higher the number of pixels, the higher the image quality
RF
Aerial-type connection between a video recorder and TV
RGB / S-video Connection
Ensure the highest quality video playback
Rising Time
This is the length of time it takes for the food temperature in the freezer
to rise from -18°C to -9°C in the event of a powercut, with the
door remaining closed.
RMS
Root Mean Square - commonly used when measuring the power output of a Hifi
system, the RMS figure is quoted by most manufacturers to give a more realistic
indication of the system's power output than the peak power output.
S
S-VHS
Super VHS is a higher quality video cassette format giving better picture
resolution than a standard VHS tape.
S-VHSC
Super VHSC is a higher quality video camcorder cassette format giving better
picture resolution than a standard VHSC tape.
S-video
This is a high quality connection standard for products which utilise S-VHS,
S-VHSC, Hi8 or other higher quality picture formats. It gives better results
than standard composite video connection.
S-Video Input
Connection method for high quality video transfer (S-video) used with S-VHS
video recorders, camcorders, DVD players etc.
SACD
Super Audio Compact Disc - a higher quality CD format giving improved sound
quality.
Sampling Rate
Indicates the speed a digital recorder or player samples a signal.
SCART
A SCART cable carries the video, audio and system control signals, to and
from the VCR, TV , Games Console or other equipment.
SCART socket
21-pin cable connector which enables high-quality pictures and stereo sound
(including Dolby Pro-Logic soundtracks) to be sent between different AV equipment
SCAVEM
Scan Velocity Modulation. Electronic function that gives a dramatic improvement
in picture quality
SECAM
TV broadcast system used in France and some other countries. Only multi-standard
TV's can receive these signals in the UK - normal TV sets for this country
can only receive the PAL standard used here.
Selectable Picture
Three pre-set and one user-adjustable setting for picture colour, brightness
and contrast, selected at the press of a button
Self-timer
Sets a 10 second delay between the pressing of the button and the opening
of the shutter so that the photographer can be part of the picture
Sleep Timer
Function that allows the unit to turn itself off after a set period of time.
Smart Card
Personal viewing card supplied and activated by the digital broadcaster that
when inserted in to a decoder box or integrated TV allows access to digital
programming
SmartMedia
Removable card storage medium available with up to 120Mb storage space to
boost camera's memory, i.e. the number of pictures it can store before being
downloaded
Spectrum Analyser
Visual display of sound output in various frequency bands.
Strontium
Precious metal used for very strong magnets in loudspeakers. Allows a compact
design and high-quality sound reproduction
Sub Woofer
Used for the reproduction of low sound frequencies, typically from 20Hz to
200Hz. Whether in the car or at home, the subwoofer is critical for filling
out the "low end" of the audible spectrum, as well as ground pounding bass.
Super Anti-Alias Filter
Ensures crystal clear, sharp images, by generating 540 horizontal line resolution
at 27MHz
Super Scene Control
A process which improves TV picture contrast
SVGA
Specific display resolution using 800 horizontal pixels and 600 vertical
pixels, presenting an image composed from a total of 480,000 individual dots
SXGA
Specific display resolution using 1280 horizontal pixels and 1024 vertical
pixels, presenting an image composed from a total of 1,310,720 individual
dots
T
T-Bass
Applies to Hifi`s: - A Bass boosting system.
Text Sub-page Memory
Allows you to move through text sub-pages at your own speed using the remote
control
Time Slip Recording
Where a DVD recorder allows you to start watching a programme, before the
actual recording process has finished. (Applies to DVD-RAM recordable discs)
Tweeter
Part of a loudspeaker or separate speaker that generates treble sounds.
Twin Tray
Two disc trays allowing any combination of DVD, CD or Video CD to be placed
in the player at one time
U
UHP Lamp
Type of bulb used to light the projected image. Typical lamp life is up to
2000 hours
Upright vacuum
Upright vacuum cleaners are tall all-in-one units designed for pushing along
the floor.
USB
Universal Serial Bus. Unlike serial connectors it can be plugged in without
having to restart the computer. Found on an increasing number of digital
cameras for downloading pictures to a PC or Mac
UXGA
Specific display resolution using 1600 horizontal pixels and 1200 vertical
pixels, presenting an image composed from a total of 1,920,000 individual
dots
V
V-SENSOR
The V-Sensor prevents wasted tape and blank recordings. It automatically
interrupts recording if no sound is detected for four seconds, then resumes
recording when somebody starts speaking again
Variable Roaming Zoom
1.5, 2.5 or 3.5 times magnification of the on screen image that allows you
to zoom in and move around the picture
VHS
Tape format used for video recorders
VideoPlus
A system designed to easily program a Video to Record TV programmes, using
numerical codes, which are shown in most TV listings pages.
VideoPlus Deluxe
As for VideoPlus, but will also control selected brands of analogue cable
and satellite set top boxes as well as with normal, terrestrial TV. Sky Digiboxes
and selected ONdigital set top boxes may also be controlled
Visible Screen Size
Measured in centimetres diagonally across the screen
VPS
VPS is a method of controlling video cassette recorders so that rescheduled
or delayed programmes are recorded in their entirety. PDC, also known as
StarText and PDC, is a European TV standard.
W
Watts per channel
This is a measure of the power output of a system or loudspeakers. It can
be quoted in a number of ways - see also RMS and Peak Power Output.
Widescreen
Provides a picture close to that of which you would see in the cinema. The
Widescreen shape (16:9) allows a greater picture size to that of traditional
(4:3) television when displaying modern films or DVD`s.
Widescreen (16:9)
Cinema-style picture format, also used to describe 'wide' TV screens (16
units wide by 9 units high)
Widescreen Signalling
Switches a Widescreen TV to 16:9 mode whenever a corresponding signal is
detected from either a broadcast (line23) or a VCR or a DVD player (SCART
pin 8 level sensing)
X
XGA
Specific display resolution using 1024 horizontal pixels and 768 vertical
pixels, presenting an image composed from a total of 786,432 individual dots
Z
Zoom Lens
Allows the camera user to zoom in or out on the subject, to produce different
picture aspects.
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